Outboard motor



July 10, 1934. A. E. DOMAN ET AL 1,966,381

' OUTBOARD MOTOR Filed Oct. 27, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l 6/ VENTORS I m yTTORNCY-S July 10, 1934. A. E. DOM'AN ET AL OUTBOARD MOTOR Filed Oct.27, 1930 3 Sheets-Shet 2 SQWML' 9W VEIYTORS July 10, 1934. A E, bOMAN A1,966,381

OUTBOARD MOTOR Filed Oct. 27, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 .zf \li'rlvses BY62744 Patented July 10, 1934 OUTBGARD MOTOE:

Albert E. Doman and Gordon 31. Sayre, Syracuse, N. Y., assignors, bymesne assignments, of ene= half to William H. Andie so n and onc=halffFrank J. Trippensee, both Eletroit, Mich.

Application Octoher 2.7,. 193d, No.

8 Claims. (ill. lidil} This invention relates to an outboard motor forwater craft in. which an internal combustion en gins is used as themotive power for driving the impeller shaft having a suitable impellerfor propelling craft in the water.

The engine together with a suitable steering mechanism are usuallymounted in or upon asupporting frame or housing to form a unitaryportable structure which is adapted to be easily and quickly applied toor removed from the stern gunwale of the craft in a manner well known tothose skilled. in this art.

in the majority of outboard motors now in common use it is necessary tostart the engine by means of a hand-crank or balance wheel op erativeiyconnected to the crank-shaft of the engine to cause the engine tooperate under its own power which of course is inconvenient, la seriousand more or less dangerous depending somewhat upon the power of theengine.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a simple, compactand efficient, electric starting unit deriving current from a. storagebat tery and capable of beingeasily and quickly in-- i stalled in orupon the housing of various types of new or old outboard motors eitheras a replacemerit of a manually operated starter or as a. new equipmentwithout material alteration of the housing or other parts of the motor.

Another object is to utilize the starting motor as a current generatorwhen the engine is runhing under its own power for charging the batteryand other purposes, and at the same time to render the output of thegenerator soliregulating to avoid overcharging of the battery.

A further object is to enable the field section and armature section ofthe starting motor to be releasably installed in sequence upon thecrankcase and crank-shaft of the engine respectively.

Other objects and uses relating to specific parts of the invention willbe brought out in the following description.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective viewof an outboar motor with our inventionincorporated therein.

, Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view through the upperportion of the apparatus taken in the plane of line 2-2, Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a. diagrammatic view of the electric battery starting andcharging circuits including the ignition circuit.

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken in the plane of line 4-4,Figure 6.

Figure 5 is a. horizontal sectional view taken along the line of 5-5,Figure 2.

Figure 6 is an elevation, partly in section, of the upper portion. ofthe held and armature housing shown in Figures 1 and 2 in which thecrank shaft is provided with a hand wheel or pulley adapted to he usedwith. the usual ignition system for starting the engine in case thestarting motor should fail to function.

As illustrated, this outboard'motor comprises an upright frame A havingoffset brackets a and clamping screws a by which. the frame may hefirmly clamped to the stern portion of the gunwale of a water craft.

The frame A also serves to receive and support an internal combustionengine consisting, in this instance, of a pair of spaced horizontallyopposed piston motors (3 arranged in axial alignment at opposite sidesor" the vertical center of the frame and provided with opposed pistons Cwhich are connected by pitmen c to reversely arranged crank arms 03 onan upright crank: shaft D. This crank shaft extends through a verticalopening in the frame A above and below the upper and lower ends thereofand isprovided at its lower end with an impeller E while the upper endis journaled in suitable hearings e in the lower and upper walls of thecrank. case 1?, Figure 2, forming a part of the main supporting frame.

The cylinders G of the engine are provided with spark plugs c which,together with the spark. coil H are connected in the ignition circuitsof a storage battery 13 and motor generator M, said circuits beingfurther controlled by a manually operated switch S and a circuit breakerI having a condenser in parallel therewith as shown more clearly in thediagrammatic view, Figure 3.

Liquid fuel may be supplied to the combustion chambers of the cylindersC through the medium of a fuel tank G and a carburetor K, both of whichare mounted upon the frame A and connected in any well known manner tothe cylinders of the engine.

The outboard motor may be provided with any well known type of steeringmechanism commonly used with apparatuses of this character andcontrolled by. a steering J, shown Figure l.

The main supporting frame, internal combustion engine, fuel supply meansfor the engine, propeller shaft and steering mechahism and means forattaching the frame to the water craft may be of any suitableconstruction adapted for outboard motors and forms no part of thepresent invention except as it is related to the housing for thestarting motor generator, including the commutator and brushes thereforand certain parts of the ignition system hereinafter more fullydescribed.

The starting means for the internal combustion engine involves the useof an electric motorgenerator comprising a cylindrical cup shapedfield-supporting section 1 and an armature-supporting section 2, thesections 1 and 2 being preferably made of iron, steel or other suitablematerial.

The field-supporting section 1 is provided with suitable pole pieces 3for the field windings 4 and shunt windings 4 secured to the innerupright walls thereof while the armature section 2 is provided with alaminated core 5 and a winding 6 connected in any well known manner to acommutator '7 which is secured to the armature supporting section 2, asshown in Figure 2, to rotate therewith.

The upper shaft bearing e and adjacent portionof the shaft D extendupwardly through a central opening in the bottom of the field-supportingsection 1 which is secured to the horizontal portion of said hearing bybolts 8 which are removable to permit removal and replacement of thesection 1 when the armature supporting section and parts carriedtherebyare removed.

The armature section 2 is provided with a central vertical opening 9 forreceiving the upper end of an adapter-coupling 2 which is splined on thetapered upper end of the shaft D and re-' movably secured to the section2 by bolts 11 or equivalent fastening means, the upper end of the shaftD being threaded and engaged by a nut 12 for holding the shaft D andsection 2 against relative axial movement when adjusted for use, as setforth in the Sayre application Ser. No. 491,484 filed October 2'7, 1930.

The lower end of the central opening 9 in the armature supportingsection 2 is enlarged to receive the sleeve or bushing 2' and thuspermit the armature supporting section and field supporting section tobe brought-into close compact relation vertically.

The armature supporting section 2 extends upwardly through a centralopening in a brush supporting plate 13 which is removably secured bybolts 12 or equivalent fastening means to the upper end of the fieldsupporting section 1 to extend across the intervening space between thecommutator i and outer walls of the section 1. This plate 13 is disposedin a substantially horizontal plane for receiving and supporting a pairof main brush holders 15and a third brush liolder 15', said brushholders-being provided with more or less tangential guides for receivinga corresponding number of brushes l6 and 16 as shown more clearly inFigure These several brushes are automatically urged toward thecommutator by similar coil springs 1? which are also mounted upon theplate 13 and ar shown more clearly in Figure 5.

The field structure and armature structure to- .gether with thecommutator Z and brushes 16 and 16' are placed in electric connectionwith the storage battery B and form a motor-generator of the third brushtype adapted to be operated by the battery current for starting theengine and for charging the battery in which case the third brushcircuit including therein the shunt winding serves to establish apartial automatic regulation of the voltage output of the generator.

An electrical resistance R and thermostatic switch N are connected inparallel and in series with the shunt winding 4' of the third brushcircuit, said switch being automatically closed to short-circuit theresistance R but is adapted to be opened to cut in the resistance by theenergizing of a voltage coil V in heat transfer relation to the movablemember of the switch N as shown more clearly in Figure 3.

The movable member of the thermostatic switch N is provided with athermostatic compensating bar N having its free end normally engagedwith an adjustable stop n and thermally deflectable toward said stop,the object of which is to oppose the opening of the switch N underwidely varying ambient atmospheric temperatures.

For example, if the surrounding atmospheric temperature should besufiiciently high tending to open the thermostatic switch N it wouldalso tend to deflect the thermostatic bar N against the stop n, therebyholding the switch 71 closed until opened by the heat developed in thevoltage coil V in a manner hereinafter described.

The movable switch member S is electrically connected to one pole of thebattery B and is movable into and out of contact with a terminal S whichis connected by a wire 22 to the primary winding of the spark coil Hhaving its other end connected to the movable terminal 24 of the circuitbreaker I, the movable terminal 24 being connected across the circuitbreaker to a ground 9 through the medium of a condenser a as shown inFigure 3. The switch memb er S is also movable into contact with one ofthe terminals s of the series winding 4 having its other terminalconnected to one of the brushes as 16 of the motor generator M, theopposite brush 16 being grounded at 9 through the wire 26.

The switch member S is also movable into contact with one of theterminals s' of the shunt winding 4 having its other terminal connectedto the thermostatic switch N.

The movable memberjof the switch N consists of a thermostatic bar 28electrically connected by wires 19 and 20 to the third brush 16' of themotor generator thereby normally short-circuiting the resistance R.

The voltage coil V is placed in heat transfer relation and preferablysurrounds the thermostatic bar 28 and has one end connected by wire 36to one commutator brush 16 of the motor gen erator M and its other endgrounded at g, Figure 3.

The secondary winding of the spark coil H. is connected by wires 17 tothe spark plugs c of the internal combustion engine cylinders C forsimultaneously energizing both spark plugs and at the same time ignitingthe combustible fuel in the opposed cylinders of the engine.

The circuit breaker I is of the self-closing type adapted to be openedat regular intervals by a rotary cam member i which forms a part of thespecific ignition device set forth in the pending application of G. B.Sayre, Ser. No. 491,483, filed October 2'7, 1930.

As previously stated the supports 15 and 15 for the brushes l6 and 16'are mounted upon the horizontal partition 13 on the upper end of thefield-supporting case 1 with the brushes l6 and 16 in contact with thecommutator '7.

An inverted cup-shaped cap section 40 has its lower marginal edgeremovably secured by bolts 41 to the upper marginal edge of the fieldsupporting section 1 and is provided with a frusto-conical top having acentral opening therein for receiving an upwardly projecting extension42 of the armature supporting section 2, said section 42 being bolted orotherwise removably secured to the upper end 0! the section 2 by bolts42' or equivalent fastening means, Figure 2.

The extension 42 which is rotatable with the armature supporting section2 is journaled within and extends above a tubular hub 43 carrying at itsupper end a horizontal plate 44 upon which is mounted the contactmembers of the circuit breaker I, one of which is secured to the plateand the other pivoted thereto to be actuated by the cam member'i, shownin Figures 2, 3 and 5.

This cam member is securedto the upper end of the extension 42 by meansof a nut 45, Figures 2 and 5, to rotate therewith for operating themovable member 24 of the circuit breaker.

A supplemental inverted cup-shaped cap section 46 has its lower marginaledge removably secured by bolts 4? or equivalent movable fasten ingmeans to extend over the upper end of the extension 42 and thereby toco-operate with the cap section 4G to completely enclose the commutatorbrushes and circuit breaker and thereby to protect the same againstmoisture and other external foreign matter, it being understood thatwhen the cap sections 40 and 46 are secured in place they, together withthe field supporting section 1, constitute a complete housing for themotor generator and circuit breaker.

The plate 44 and its supporting hub 43 are adjustable angularlyrelatively to the extension 42 by any suitable means for advancing orretarding the ignition spark.

It is now clear that the complete engine starter including the motorgenerator and circuit breaker may be easily and quickly installed uponthe upper end of the frame and crank shaft of various types of outboardmotors without ma-v terial alteration of the parts of said motor.

For example, when installing the starter the field supporting section 1with the series and shunt windings thereon are placed from the topdownwardly upon the top of the crank-case F and secured-thereto by thebolts 8 after which the armature section 2 carrying the adapter 2' isplaced in operative position within the field supporting section andupon the upper tapered end 01 the crank shaft D to which it issecured bythe nut -12, the latter being accessible throughthe opening 9.

The brush supporting plate 13 is then secured in operative position tothe upper end of the field supporting section 1 with the brush holdersand brushes thereon in engagement with the commutator 7, it beingunderstood that the brush supports are bolted or otherwise secured tothe plate 13 by bolts or rivets 14 or equivalent fastening means. i

The extension 42' is then secured by the bolts 42 to theupper end of thearmature section 2 after which the cap section 40 is secured by thebolts 41 to. the upper end of the field supporting section 1. r p

The hub 43 carrying the plate 44 with'the tim- 1 ing distributor Imounted thereon are then placed over and upon the extension 42 afterwhich the cam i'is secured to the extension 42 by means of the nut 45which, of course, is then accessible above the upper end of the cap 40.,

The upper cap .46 is then secured to the upper end 01' the section 40 bymeans or the-bolts 47 thus completing the assembly of the entireengine-starting unit upon the outboard motor, except the cranking devicepresently described.

It will be noted upon reference to Figure 2thattheupperendoitheextensionflis pro vided with an oil receiving socket48 having suitable passages 49 leadingthereirom to the periphcry oi theextension for-lubricating thejoint between the extension and hub 42, theupper cap section 46 being provided with a central normally closed oilcap 50 for permitting oil or other lubricant to be inserted into thesocket 48.

Provision is made for the use of a hand operated starter in connectionwith the crank shaft adapted to be secured to the upper end of theextension 42 in case the self-starter should for any reason fail tooperate and for this purpose we have shown in Figure 6 a hand operatedstarting wheel 51 which is adapted to be mounted upon the upper end ofthe extension 42 when the upper cap section 46 is removed, the socket inthe upper end of said extension 48 being threaded to receive a clampingbolt 52 by which the hub of the hand wheel 51 is rigidly secured to saidextension whereby the rotation of the hand wheel will effect acorresponding rotation of the crankshaft, and parts driven thereby, wset forth in the Sayre application Ser. No. 491,485 filed October 27th,1930.

The upper end of the extension 48 is provided with radial openings forreceiving a key or 53 which serves to further lock the hand wheel. 51 tosaid extension against relative rotation.

The hand wheel is shown as provided with a peripheral groove 54adapted'to receive a cable 55 or similar device by which' the wheel maybe rotated.

Operation When starting the motor the switch member S will be moved intocontact first with the con tact member S and will sequentially bebrought into contact with the members s and s thereby first closing thebattery circuit through the primary winding of the spark coil H andcircuit breaker I thereby energizing the secondary winding and sparkplugs C connected thereto ready for operation of the engine from thestorage battery B.

When the switch S is in contact with all of the terminals S, s and s thecurrent from the I battery 13 will pass from one pole thereof throughwire 21 to the switch member S and thence from g the terminal s throughthe series winding 4 to one pole 16 of the motor generator M and thencethrough wire 26 to the ground g and through wire 27 to the other pole ofthe battery. v

At the same time the battery current will pass from the terminal s'through the shunt'winding 4 ator capable oi generating sum'cient voltagefor recharging the battery from brush 16 through the series winding 4,switch member S to one pole oi. the battery and thence from the otherpole of the battery and return to the opposite brush oi the generatorthrough wire 26 and brush 16.

When the battery B'is fully charged and its voltage is relatively highthe current will pass from one pole of the battery through wire 21 tothe switch 8 and thence through the series winding 4 and wire 30 throughthe voltage coil Vtothe ground and return to the other brush 16 of thegenerator.

Under these conditions the heat developed in the voltage coil V will betransferred to the thermostatic member 28 thereby causing the switch Nto open and to cut the resistance R into the third brush circuit forreducing the output of the generator and thus preventing overcharging ofthe battery.

In case the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere should tend toopen the thermostatic switch N such opening movement would becounteracted by the compensating bar N in the manner previouslyexplained, thereby correspondingly increasing the eiiiciency of thevoltage regulator under widely varying temperature of the ambientatmosphere.

Although we have shown and briefly described a specific type ofdynamotor or motor generator and automatic means for regulating thevoltage output of the generator within safe charging limits'ior thebattery, it will be noted that the main object of the. invention is toprovide a battery operated engine-starting unit of any suitableconstruction capable of being easily and quickly attached to and removedfrom the frame and crankshaft of the engine of outboard motors ofdifferent construction in place of the usual handoperated starting crankor wheel without material alteration of the outboard motor parts andtherefore it is unnecessary to limit the invention to the specificconstruction and mode of operation shown and described.

What we claim is:

1. An outboard motor comprising a combustion engine, an yelectromotivestarter generator, an

ignition device, a rope starter plate, and a common shaft upon which allsaid parts are mounted co-axially.

2. The combination with an outboard motor of the internal combustion.engine type having an upright crank shaft, and an electric starter motorhaving its rotating element co-axial with and actuated by the crankshaft, of an electric ignition system including a distributor having itsrotary element co-axial with and actuated by the rotary motor element.

3. The combination with an outboard motor of the internal combustionengine type having an upright crank shaft, and an electricmotor-generator having a rotary armature co-axial with and actuated bythe crank shaft, of an electric ignition system including a distributorhaving its camelement co-axial with and actuated by the armature.

4. The combination with an outboard motor of the internal combustionengine type having an upright crank-shaft, and horizontally opposedpiston motors connected thereto for simultaneous movement in reversedirections, and a motor generator having a rotary armature co-axial withand actuated by the crankshaft, of an ignition system including aspark-coil having its primary winding common to both circuits of themotorgenerator and its secondary circuit connected to the spark plugs ofboth piston motors, said ig nition system including therein adistributor having its rotary element co-axial with and actuated by saidarmature.

5. An outboard motor of the internal combustion engine type having acrank-shaft, and an electric starter having a revoluble element coaxialwith the shaft, in combination with a mounting for said element,releasable means for scour-- ing the mounting to the crank-shaft,releasable means for securing the mounting to said element,

and an ignition device having a rotary member i co-axial with andactuated by said element.

6. An outboard motor as in claim 5 in which said element is providedwith an opening to permit access to thefirst named releasable means foroperating the same.

'7. An outboard motor of the internal combustion engine type having anupright crankshaft, and an electric starter having a revoluble flywheelarmature section co-axial with the shaft, in combination with a mountingfor said section, releasable means for securing the armature section tothe crank-shaft, releasable means for securing the mounting to thearmature section, and an ignition device having a rotary member co-axialwith and actuated by said armature.-

8. An outboard motor of ,the internal combustion engine type having anupright crankshaft,and an electric starter having a revoluble flywheelarmature section co-axial with the shaft, in combination with a mountingfor said section splined on the upper end of the shaft for upwarddisplacement therefrom, releasable means engaging the upper ends of theshaft and mounting for holding the mounting against upward displacementfrom the shaft, releasable means for securing the annature section tothe mountin and an ignition device having a revoluble mamber co-axialwith and actuated by said armature.

ALBERT E. DOMAN. GORDON B. SAYRE.

